机械活化-湿化学合成LiMn2O4的组成、结构与表征

以MnO2和LiOH·H2O为原料,采用机械活化与湿化学集成的方法,在水溶液中直接合成了结晶态的尖晶石锂锰氧化物.当锂含量介于3.78%～4.35%之间时,所得锂锰氧化物为纳米级球形粉末,以尖晶石结构为主,含极少量的Mn3O4杂相;在300～800℃温度范围内热处理后,Mn3O4杂相消失,尖晶石结构更趋完善.所合成的含锂5.80%的高锂样品则以LiMnO2层状结构为主,含少量Mn3O4杂相,其SEM形貌为片状;在300～700℃下热处理8 h后,层状LiMnO2转变成尖晶石LiMn2O4,Mn3O4杂相峰明显减弱并随热处理温度的升高而消失;当温度升高至700～800℃时,开始出现缺锂的Li1-xMn2O4相.结果表明:该法制备锂锰氧化物可实现锂、锰、氧在原子级水平的均匀混合,所得产物的热稳定性能良好,其化学计量组成与结构易于调整和控制.     

Role of deposition parameters on microstructure and mechanical properties of chromium oxide coatings

Chromium oxide coatings were deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on high speed steel (HSS) substrate under various oxygen flow rates and radio frequency (RF) powers. The effect of deposition conditions on the microstructure, hardness and critical load of chromium oxide coating failure was studied. The results indicated that a crystalline chromium oxide coating formed at a high oxygen flow rate and a low RF power exhibited a higher hardness and a lower critical load as compared to a chromium oxide coating with an amorphous microstructure.     

The properties of electroactive ruthenium oxide coatings supported by titanium-based ternary carbides

Electroactive oxide coatings on titanium, known in industrial chlorine production as dimensionally stable anodes (DSA), are of limited service life owing to the dissolution of active oxide, but also due to low corrosion stability of titanium, at high anodic potentials and elevated temperatures. In order to improve the anode stability, ternary carbide, Ti₃SiC₂, could be a promising material for the coating support, since chemical corrosion stability of Ti₃SiC₂ is significantly higher if compared to Ti. In this work, the possibility of the sol-gel preparation of RuO₂-TiO₂ coating on Ti₃SiC₂ is investigated and comparison of the basic characteristics of sol-gel processed oxide coating, Ru_0.5Ti_0.5O₂, applied onto Ti₃SiC₂ and Ti, is reported. Microscopic investigation of the coating surface showed that considerably less cracked coating is formed onto the Ti₃SiC₂ support. Slightly higher voltammetric currents are registered for Ti₃SiC₂-supported coating in H₂SO₄ and NaCl solution. The activity for chlorine evolution is higher, while the currents of oxygen evolution reaction are lower for Ru_0.5Ti_0.5O₂/Ti₃SiC₂ anode in comparison to Ru_0.5Ti_0.5O₂/Ti anode. Even though these preliminary results on the basic electrochemical properties of Ru_0.5Ti_0.5O₂/Ti₃SiC₂ anode and chemical stability of Ti₃SiC₂ are promising, the accelerated stability test in NaCl solution showed that coated Ti₃SiC₂ is not anodically stable and lasts considerably shorter than Ru_0.5Ti_0.5O₂/Ti anode prepared and tested under the same conditions.     

Passivation of Fe-Cr alloys studied with ICP-AES and EQCM

The response of sputter deposited Fe-15Cr and Fe-25Cr alloys to a rapid potential increase in the passive region was studied using two in situ methods: electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and inductive coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES). Both methods indicated an increase in the dissolution rate of iron following the potential change; the total amount of material dissolved being higher for the Fe-15Cr alloy. For both alloys, about 10% of the total dissolved material was Cr. This result compared well with experiments on a 430 stainless steel. ICP-AES is shown to be useful for the in situ determination of partial currents of metal dissolution using solution analysis in a flow cell.     

550 MPa级中厚板矫直过程中表面凹坑缺陷的成因与对策

针对550 MPa级高强中厚板在矫直过程中极易出现氧化铁皮压入凹坑缺陷的问题，根据现场矫直工艺，研究了在不同温度下进行热变形时试样表面和横截面的形貌，钢基体与氧化铁皮界面处平直度的变化规律。结果表明，热变形温度为450 ℃时，表面氧化铁皮开始出现裂纹，且随着变形温度的降低，裂纹的数量逐渐增加；此外，氧化铁皮与钢基体之间的界面长度随变形温度的降低而呈直线增加，表明氧化铁皮与钢基体界面平直度随着热变形温度的降低越发粗糙、易脱落而形成凹坑缺陷。为此，应适当提高终轧温度以确保矫直时钢板表面温度大于450 ℃，同时提高钢板的运行速率，防止氧化铁皮在低温变形发生破碎和脱落的同时降低氧化铁皮厚度，从而减小因氧化铁皮脱落而造成凹坑缺陷的发生几率。     

PHYSICAL SIMULATION OF INTERFACIAL CONDITIONS IN HOT FORMING OF STEELS

1.~nonNUInericalmodellingbythefiniteelement(FE)methodhasbecomeaneffectiveandeconomyicmeansforsimulatingmetalfoeingprocesses.However,accuratemodellingdemandsthecorrectdefinitionandinputsofthedataforthethermalandphysicalpIDPertiesoftheworkpieceandtoolmaterials,theboUndaryconditionsattheworkpiece--toolinterfaceandinotherareas,inadditiontoappropriatemeshgenerationandnumericalsolutions.Althoughmostofthematerialdataareavailable,thedataforinterfacialheattransferandfrictionconditions,Whichhavesubst…     

HIGH TEMPERATURE OXIDATION AND STRUCTURE OF SCALE AND WHISKERS FOR Fe-Ni-Cr SEALING ALLOYS

The oxidation rate,the growth,morphology and structure of oxide scale and whiskers forFe-Ni-Cr sealing alloys in H_2-H_2O atmosphere at high temperatures have been studied.The growth rate of scale is controlled by diffusion.The scale is composed of Cr_2O_3 andspinel(Fe,Mn)O·Cr_2O_3 and the oxide whisker,are spinel(Fe,Mn)O·Cr_2O_3.     

吹喷氧化物质点改善铁基合金的高温耐磨性

为了节省能源,国内外广泛开展了煤的流化床燃烧技术的研究。然而,流化床中埋管材料及其上面所焊鳍片材料耐高温磨蚀性能的提高,是推广这一技术的关键。采用共沉法或机械合金化方法已成功地制成氧化物弥散强化高温合金,不仅高温强度可以维持到合金的熔点附近,而且可以改善高温耐磨性,但这类合金制造工艺复杂、成本高,不适宜大量用于能源工业。向钢水中吹喷氧化物质点可以明显提高镇静钢的室温和高温强度,而且价     

铝合金变质处理的现状和发展趋势

本文主要叙述了铝合金变质处理的方法及特点,并对铝合金变质方法的发展趋势作了展望.     

Theoretical prediction and experimental realization of transition metal doped rutiles as diluted magnetic semiconductors

1. Introduction The new research area of ‘spintronics’ seeks to extend the properties and applications of electronic devices by making use of the spin of electrons in ad- dition to their charge. The development of magnetic semiconductors would be compatible with standard semiconductor technology and open new opportuni- ties. The so-called diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) is used to denote the no magnetic semicon- ductor doped with magnetic ions, and there have been considerable progress…